The Central Bank’s new deputy governor delivers stark warning over the effects of crash
HOUSE prices could take decades to recover from the property crash even if the economy starts growing, the new deputy governor of the Central Bank of Ireland warned last night.
Experience of booms and property crashes in other countries suggests the economic recovery here will be slow and house prices will recover even more slowly, he said.
Central Bank deputy head Stefan Gerlach made the comments at a conference on housing markets and financial stability at NUI Galway.
It was Mr Gerlach’s first major speech since the appointment of the Swedish economist last December sparked controversy, when it was revealed that he is being paid €50,000 over the Government’s “€200,000 salary cap” for public-sector jobs.
Classic
Last night in Galway, Mr Gerlach said Ireland had experienced a classic housing boom. House prices here rose faster and higher than in most booms but the bubble and burst is in line with the pattern seen around the world, he said.
It means experience elsewhere could help forecast the likely trend here over the coming years.
That evidence points to a sustained housing slump, because credit-fuelled booms are typically worse than other booms and the combination of a housing crash with a financial crisis is especially damaging.
“Recessions that coincide with a housing bust are, on average, longer and more pronounced that others,” he noted.
A study comparing crashes in the likes of Scandinavia with in Korea and Japan revealed the wider economy recovered much faster than house prices, where they recovered at all.
“While gross domestic product (GDP) in this sample of countries typically recovered to peak levels within six years, the recovery in house prices was much delayed,” Mr Gerlach said.
“In the Nordic countries, the recovery took between 10 and 22 years, house prices have not yet recovered to pre-crisis levels in Korea and continue to decline in Japan.
“Overall these graphs suggest that economic activity in Ireland will recover only gradually, and that it may take a long time before house prices return to their level in 2007,” he said.
That evidence may in part explain why the Central Bank has signed off on plans for so-called “negative equity mortgages”.
The new mortgages will let people bring home loans with them when they move house- even if they sell for less than they paid.
It could see people end up with mortgages of as much as 175pc of the value of their new home — as they end up carrying much of the old mortgage to their new home on top of any new borrowings.
That flies in the face of efforts to rein in property lending by insisting on tighter discipline, but if the Central Bank is convinced house prices are set to stay low there is little point in waiting for a property recovery to lift people out of negative equity.
That makes more extreme ideas such as the new-style mortgage more palatable.
- Donal O’Donovan
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THEY STILL REFUSE TO VALUE HOUSES BASED ON WHAT THE BUYER CAN AFFORD TO PAY.
THE average house is undervalued by up to €50,000, according to a new report on the state of the property market.
This means a house that sells today for the national average of €160,000 would be worth about €210,000 in a healthier economy.
In its report, the Central Bank says house prices have been pushed down too far and are as much as 26pc lower than they should be.
Years of plummeting prices and the crisis in the banks means that conditions are far from ideal.
Upward
But the new research suggests that house prices could begin rising again if the banks begin lending, or new lenders come into the market.
However, the report warns that the “logical” price of a house will only be realised again when buyers regain their confidence, and banks have the money to be able to lend again.
Prices have fallen by 49pc on average during the crash.
In the past 12 months prices have fallen by 16.3pc, but the pace of the fall has slowed, according to recent statistics.
The Central Bank points out that we have a rising, relatively young population and houses have become twice as affordable in recent years.
It says this gives the market more chance of recovery than the likes of Japan, which has endured the worst property crash in global history.
But banks are only giving out about 10pc of the mortgages compared with the height of the boom.
They are struggling to find the balance between beginning to give out more mortgages and not being seen as lending recklessly again. They are also coming to terms with a massive lack of funds.
Despite the fact that property here is now undervalued, house prices could continue to fall for the foreseeable future as lending and confidence are at rock bottom, the Central Bank says.
The study used a series of calculations based on factors such as interest rates, income and housing stock to determine whether house prices had fallen too far.
Logical
One test showed prices had fallen 26pc further than was justified, while other results put the figure at somewhere between 16pc and 12pc.
The researchers called their report ‘Why Are Irish House Prices Still Falling?’ as they investigated the reasons why prices had crashed further than was deemed logical.
They said buyers were holding off and driving prices down because they feared further drops and were worried about the broader economy.
The banks’ need to reduce borrowing under the terms of their rescue agreements were also factors explaining the massive price declines.
Analyst Brian Devine of NCB Stockbrokers said the report was right to emphasise that Ireland‘s rising population and relatively young population would lead to a stabilisation in prices.
“Unlike Japan there are fundamentals that allow recovery,” he added. However, he said that prices might fall another 10pc before reaching bottom as “economic models can’t take confidence and bank lending into account”.
While the Central Bank research suggests house prices are lower than logic dictates, it cautions that an upturn in the property market “appears some way off” because of a low level of loans and property sales.
- Thomas Molloy and Laura Noonan
Irish Independent
ANOTHER ECONOMISTS OPINION
By Claire Murphy
Tuesday May 01 2012
EXPERTS warned property prices will fall further – despite claims by the Central Bank that they are already undervalued.
The bank said prices are undervalued by up to €50,000.
A new report into the housing situation here has found that the price has been overcorrected by between 12 to 26pc.
Consumers are holding back on spending on property because they expect further falls, the banks’ economists, who carried out the research into Why Are Irish House Prices Still Falling?, said.
And there is an uncertain economic outlook in Ireland which is also halting progress on property.
A measly 11,000 new mortgages were issued last year, the report outlines, which is a 30pc drop on 2010.
In 2006, as many as 110,000 mortgages were issued.
However, economist David McWilliams anticipates that house prices will fall another 15pc to 20pc.
“I think the problem for the Central Bank is the fact that house prices now are falling sufficiently close to their worst case scenario. If house prices keep falling, the banks will have to go back to look for capital.
Morally
“And I don’t believe politically, financially or morally that Irish people have the stomach for this. The balance sheet of the middle class in Ireland is broken.
“On one side of the balance sheet we have assets which are falling in value — houses. And on the other side we have debt which has remained firm in terms of monthly costs.”
In standard economics, when the price falls, the demand rises, the economist outlined. “But in this balance sheet recession that we have — when the price falls, the demand falls. The economy is trapped.
“It seems to me that if you look around the world, investors will not come back into the market until yields are sufficiently high. The only way the economy can come back is if the investors get involved again.”
Mr McWilliams believes that the Central Bank needs to go to the ECB and look for a serious deal on mortgages, which means getting the mortgage book off the banks, otherwise they will continue to be zombie banks.
“The way you get out of an issue like this — one is house prices have to fall to get that yield to rise for investors. Number two, the only way you will get the average person to start spending again, at the core of this is a growth problem for the economy,” he said.
- Claire Murphy
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A QUICK HISTORY
http://www.rte.ie/laweb/ll/ll_t22_main.html